ͨL(fng)ܵMΠȺо
L(fng)ϵy(tng)ǿ{(dio)ͨL(fng)ҪһMɲ֣ͨrL(fng)ܙMNΠ,AκͱAΡ1960ǰˇ谲bg^С^ͨL(fng)ϵy(tng)þL(fng)SAL(fng)ҲL(fng)͙CƳɹ̌CoՓڽ(jng)(j)߀̅(sh)AL(fng)h(yun)ھL(fng)Č@ЩоY(ji)M(jn)пY(ji)D^cڌL(fng)ϵy(tng)Ľ(jng)(j)Ա^ͬrͨr¸MռMñ^С@ֵMڱӑՓ
P(gun)I~ AL(fng) L(fng) L(fng) (jng)(j)Ա^ L(fng)ϵy(tng)
L(fng)ϵy(tng)ǿ{(dio)ͨL(fng)ҪһMɲĹҪnj{(dio)(ji)Ŀ՚ⰴO(sh)ӋMܸЧʵĂ͵ĩO(sh)䡣ͨrL(fng)ܙMNΠ,AκͱAL(fng)ܵͨͨ^ĉK䓰TӁAL(fng)܄tnjһʮߺ䓰͙C@ƶɡAL(fng)܄t^ҊһnjAL(fng)M(jn)ДDγ. 1960ǰˇ谲bg^С^ͨL(fng)ϵy(tng)þL(fng)SAL(fng)͙ܳCƳɹ̌CoՓڽ(jng)(j)߀̅(sh)AL(fng)ܶh(yun)ھL(fng)ڇ⣬eǚWL(fng)ʹʶ׃ԽԽռҊһЇĿǰĈAL(fng)ʹñʓ(j)P߲{(dio)Hռٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮ֮gЇ֮AL(fng)cL(fng)ܵĹ̌оѳɞһ̲ݾn}
һL(fng) AL(fng)ռЈ~
Ҽ^(q) | 1960 | 1965 | 1970 | 1975 | 1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 2000 |
W | 5 | 15 | 40 | 60 | 70 | 80 | 85 | 90 |
| 5 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 25 | 50 |
5 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 50 | 65 | |
Ӣ | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 35 | 35 | 55 |
Ľ(jng)(j)ĽǶȁvһ(ni)L(fng)ϵy(tng)ʹÉеMÿɷ֞
1ͶYO(sh)ӋMϼbMãgM{(dio)ԇMȵ
2\MãˆTYԴSo(h)Má
3MãSQfMá
оY(ji)Scandiaconsult(1992), Bouwman(1992), Malmstrom et al (2001), Malmstrom et al (2002)T(sh)AL(fng)ϵy(tng)ȾL(fng)ϵy(tng)F(xin)郞(yu)Č@ЩоY(ji)M(jn)пY(ji)D^cڌL(fng)ϵy(tng)Ľ(jng)(j)Ա^ͬrͨr¸MռMñ^С@ֵMڱӑՓ
AL(fng)ϵy(tng)ͶYȾL(fng)Ҫ͵IJԭ£
AL(fng)ܸ\ݔ
AL(fng)ܵĽMѱ߶Ș(bio)(zhn)
ĽY(ji)(gu)vAL(fng)ܸܳ܉׃L(fng)Ҫ˨T֧ȼӏʩ
ͬˮֱAL(fng)ҪĽҪСھL(fng)ܣL(fng)ܵLԽtٺԽ
AL(fng)ܵĵܘ(gu)ȾL(fng)ܵİbΣͨL(fng)c{(dio)ʩҎ(gu)GB502432002ͬrָL߅ߴ400mmľL(fng)ܵg4mAL(fng)gtL5m
yAL(fng)ܵL(fng)ycСھL(fng)ܣM(jn)L(fng)ϵy(tng)ƽr{(dio)ԇMҲСھL(fng)ܡ
AL(fng)@pٵl҃(ni)˿ԜpO(sh)
Scandiaconsult(1992)һgͨL(fng)ϵy(tng)քeÈAL(fng)ܺ;L(fng)˃ɂO(sh)Ӌ^ϵy(tng)ĉp^P(gun)Ľ(jng)(j)(sh)ҊD1ע⣺(jng)(j)Ԯ(dng)ıWЈr(zhn)M(jn)УӋY(ji)ͬĩO(sh)lbMãAL(fng)܃HL(fng)ܵһͬrAL(fng)ܵIJMÞL(fng)ܵ80%
ȫpʧPa: 150.0 ȫbMã0.51R ȫMã0.8M A | ȫpʧPa: 165.4 ȫbMãR ȫMãM B |
D1Scandiaconsult(1992) L(fng)O(sh)Ӌ^ AAL(fng) BL(fng)
L(fng)ϵy(tng)ռgM(jn)н(jng)(j)һ^y@ȡQڽĽY(ji)(gu);һfþL(fng)ܵҪһԭǾL(fng)ܹ(ji)sgHLȽӽľL(fng)ܶռеČHeҪڈAL(fng)ܣ@ҪL(fng)Ҫm(lin)Y(ji)m߅ĸ߶ͨ20mmҊD2AF(xin)L(fng)ԁØ(bio)(zhn)Ԓ(lin)Y(ji)ҊD2B@NHҪgҸڰbˌLȽӽ1ľL(fng)AL(fng)ܵă(yu)cǟoġ
A | B |
D2Scandiaconsult(1992) L(fng)Bӷ^ AL(fng) BAL(fng)
LȵľL(fng)tԲÎAL(fng)M(jn)ҊD3@NʹL(fng)Ŀ׃øӺͬrbMҲpСmȻMÿܕJagemer1991һ{(dio)Y(ji)ڴ˷ͶY~;L(fng)һӵ
D3һ550mmX150mmľL(fng)ܞD=200mmĈAL(fng)
ͨr{(dio)ϵy(tng)\Mõ֞ԴԴMðӟs՚⼰@Щ՚͵ĩ˵O(sh)ĵԴL(fng)ϵy(tng)õM(jn)˱tL(fng)©L(fng)ɞԴĵһҪԴ
L(fng)ϵy(tng)L(fng)Cѭh(hun)ṩߣL(fng)CL(fng)һ㲻^650Paȥ՚̎CMĩO(sh)ĉpʧL(fng)ϵy(tng)õĉ^s200300PaˣL(fng)ϵy(tng)(yng)Mдĉ^pʧͬr©L(fng)ҲֱӰ푵L(fng)CĹx(j)L(fng)CL(fng)CcL(fng)ηL(fng)©L(fng)ʞ6%L(fng)Cʌ20%AL(fng)ܵ©L(fng)Ҫh(yun)h(yun)СھL(fng)ܡ
3.1 ©L(fng)
L(fng)ܵ©L(fng)GʽM(jn)Ӌ㣺
fref= e©L(fng)
qvl= ©L(fng)
A= L(fng)ܱe
K= ©L(fng)(sh)
pref= L(fng)cĉ
ښWޣ(j)©L(fng)(sh)L(fng)ܵĚԱ֞ĂȼA,B,C,D2o(yng)ȼS©L(fng)(sh)
Class A |
| 0.02710-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
Class B |
| 0.00910-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
Class C |
| 0.00310-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
Class D |
| 0.00110-3 m3 s-1 m-2 Pa-0.65 |
2WL(fng)ϵy(tng)Եȼ
cAL(fng)L(fng)Ҫ˨cTBY(ji)Ҫö˲ɱ©L(fng)ҲҪöD4rһMy(sh)(j)(sh)(j)@ʾL(fng)ܵ©L(fng)ƽȈAL(fng)ܸ7ͨL(fng)c{(dio)̎ʩҎ(gu)GB50243-2002ҲָAL(fng)ܵS©L(fng)L(fng)ܵ50
D4 21rL(fng)©L(fng)ʵĜy(sh)(j)Carri et al, 1999
3.2^pʧ
ˮ(dng)ֱӱÁL(fng)ܵɽy(tng)pʧͬˮ(dng)ֱL(fng)MܙMΠͬ?ni)Ȼͬس̉pʧD5^һΈAL(fng)ܣD=0.5m,U=5m/s,=0.15mmͬeľL(fng)ܵĉpʧ@@Nr£L(fng)ܵĉʧh(yun)h(yun)ڈAL(fng)SL(fng)LȵpʧҲԽҲζL(fng)CĹҲȻԽ
D5/پL(fng)cAL(fng)܉pʧ^=1 m3/s, v=5m/s
ˮ(dng)ֱĸǽؾL(fng)߅ƽБ(yng)(yng)(dng)һµļO(sh)ϵģҲfپ(yng)(dng)cL(fng)߅ƽnjHyY(ji)s@ʾھL(fng)،Ǿٶݶ˥pľٶݶ˥pՓϣˮ(dng)ֱЃɷNr(yng)(dng)֔(jn)
̫С_(d)ȫB(ti)
ܵMh(yun)xA^Lȵľ
(sh)(j)Ҳˮ(dng)ֱձԱʾˑJONES1976һϵеĹ⻬L(fng)܉pʧPߌČ(sh)(j)M(jn)·ҊD6.Mȱ10<L<25Ĕ(sh)(j)D6(sh)(j)ȻҰʾLȌˮ(dng)ֱpʧĆ{(dio)Ӱ푡Griggs et al(1992)ʹôֲھL(fng)ČҲƵĽY(ji)
D6ͬLȵĹ⻬L(fng)cAL(fng)ܵĉpʧ^
3.3So(h)M
˱ⲡB(ti)L(fng)ҪM(jn)坍坍ɷʹmˢӣʹLϰѣ@ɷNrAL(fng)ܶȾL(fng)ܸӺΡ
L(fng)ϵy(tng)Ľ(jng)(j)ԷһyĹҪ]NͬأһL(fng)ϵy(tng)ĉпܕ^ʮ@Nr£һcСO(sh)Ӌ|(zh)ϵĸM(jn)пܼӴͶYӯ@cfAL(fng)ܑ(yng)(dng)һ߽(jng)(j)ԵĽQ
ҪָǣڰoͿgĿ]L(fng)ϵy(tng)ijЩP(gun)ʹߴIJλL(fng)ںͿ՚̎bóȻ]þL(fng)